Recently, a young man in Guangzhou tanned his back on the rooftop and turned into soy sauce-colored skin. The aunt who was basking in the quilt took pictures and posted them in the circle, and it was also on the local hot search. You Yuejun consulted a dermatologist, and the doctor said, "This is a typical sunburn."
Recently, the sun is too fierce. Some people say that "raising children may not prevent aging, but sun protection will definitely do." Chen Quan, deputy chief physician of the Department of Dermatology of Guangzhou Dermatology Prevention and Control Institute, reminded: Sun protection can not only prevent aging, but also prevent cancer - many skin diseases Cancer is related to ultraviolet radiation. If you don’t pay attention to sun protection when you are young, you will not only be prone to premature aging, but also increase the risk of skin cancer when you are old.
Age spots, pigmented moles
Pay special attention to sun protection
There is a saying on the Internet: "If you don't pay attention to sun protection when you are young, you are more likely to have skin cancer when you are old." In this regard, Xiong Siying, an attending physician at the Guangzhou Dermatology Center, said that it is true that many skin cancers are clinically related to ultraviolet radiation. The more common ones are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. As far as the outpatient clinic is concerned, there are at least two or three cases of skin malignant tumors every month.
Xiong Siying said that clinically, it is often seen that many elderly people aged 60 to 80 will develop basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. , and then did a pathological test and found that it was a malignant tumor." (Here, "tumor" does not mean "tumor", medically, "tumor" refers to abnormal growths.)
Here, let's start with the cases of two skin tumor patients-
Case number one
The old man was a truck driver when he was young
The dark spot on the left face has grown 1/3 of the face
There is an old man who came to see a doctor. When he was young, he drove a large truck. Because he sat in the driver's seat for a long time, the left side of his face was exposed to the sun for a long time. Later, a large dark spot appeared. He didn't pay much attention to it at first, but the dark spots grew bigger and bigger, covering almost 1/3 of his face. Fortunately, the pathological examination found that it was ordinary seborrheic keratosis, which is often referred to as "age spots". Although it is a benign tumor, but because the area is too large, it took a month or two to finally remove the tumor on the face by cutting and then doing photodynamics.
Xiong Siying introduced that the medical name of "age spots" we often say is "seborrheic keratosis". Age spots are usually related to the living habits of patients, such as frequent sun exposure and frequent smoking, which lead to more oil secretion on the skin. More prone to seborrheic keratosis. If you don’t pay attention to sun protection, or you often pick your skin, it will easily form age spots over time, and even slowly turn into malignant skin tumors.
Case 2
Because of beauty
It was found that the small mole on the face was a malignant tumor
Clinically, there is another type of skin tumor patient that is often encountered by young girls who love beauty. Not long ago, there was a girl with a small dark spot on the side of her nose. Later, she found that the spot was getting bigger and darker, so she came to see a doctor. The spot was about 0.3 cm in diameter, very small, and was surgically removed at that time. After the cut, the pathology report showed that it was malignant basal cell carcinoma. At that time, the patient was very surprised, and he was fortunate to seek medical treatment.
Xiong Siying said that clinically, patients who often come into contact with some skin tumors may have undergone some irregular treatments when they were young because of pigmented moles, such as removing moles with medicine, or going to a beauty salon for irregular laser surgery. If the mole disappears for a period of time and grows back, even if it grows bigger and darker than the original one, it is also recommended to remove this mole. "If the pigmented mole is darker in color and the pigment distribution is uneven, removal is also recommended."
Xiong Siying said that we often say "one white covers three ugly", so many people think that sun protection is a kind of greedy behavior, but in fact sun protection and health are closely related, especially when a person's commonly exposed parts such as face, arms have age spots, Pigmented moles, it is recommended not to take it lightly, and you need to pay more attention to sun protection. "Whether you choose to have surgery or laser, you must monitor to see if the tumor will become darker and darker, or if it is itchy or even a little painful, you must seek medical attention in time.
Many people feel that they must wear sunscreen when they travel outdoors, and now there is an extra layer of masks. Is this not enough? Chen Quan summed up the following five common sunscreen misunderstandings, most people have at least one of them. Let's see if you've hit the jackpot!
1
Sunscreen only protects the face
For daily sun protection, many people only do face work, as long as the face is not tanned, but in fact, sun protection must be used wherever the skin is exposed.
Because ultraviolet radiation can induce the production of melanocytes in the whole body, if you want your skin not to be sunburned or tanned, as long as the exposed parts of the skin are exposed, you must apply sunscreen.
2
Apply sunscreen only once a day
Raise your hand for girls who only apply sunscreen once a day! I believe that most people only apply it once when they go out. In fact, the effective protection time of sunscreen, that is, the SPF value, is written on the bottle: for example, the effective sun protection time of SPF15 is two hours, and the effective sun protection time of SPF30 is four hours.
So, if you are going to be outdoors for a long time, you must remember to reapply sunscreen every two or three hours.
3
No sunscreen on cloudy days
This is also one of the most misunderstood by many people. Many people think that sun protection is only necessary when the sun is fierce, and that sun protection is not necessary on cloudy or rainy days.
In fact, the ultraviolet rays in sunlight are divided into three bands, namely UVA, UVB and UVC, and they are called the three ABC ultraviolet brothers. UVC is short wave, which is usually isolated from the clouds, and basically cannot harm the skin; UVB is medium wave, most of which can be absorbed by the epidermis; UVA is long wave, which can penetrate deep into the skin and also cause skin photoaging main reason. Therefore, the ultraviolet rays under the dark clouds are also harmful to the skin.
4
Do not avoid sunscreen
As more and more people know about solar dermatitis, many people begin to know that sunscreen is also a taboo. Photosensitive foods/drugs contain some photosensitive substances. When they enter the skin after being digested and absorbed, and then come into contact with strong light, a photosensitivity reaction will occur, which is prone to erythema and rash, accompanied by obvious itching, tingling and other symptoms .
Common light-sensitive foods to watch out for
Common light-sensitive foods:
Vegetables and fruits: such as locust flower, vetch, snow cabbage, gray cabbage, lettuce, fennel, amaranth, shepherd's purse, celery, radish leaves, spinach, buckwheat, coriander, safflower, rape, mustard, fig, citrus, lemon, mango, pineapple, etc.;
Seafood: snails, shrimps, crabs, mussels, etc.
Common photosensitizers:
Antibiotics such as chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, minocycline, norfloxacin, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, spaxa Star, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, etc.;
Antifungal drugs such as griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole; oral hypoglycemic drug D-860;
Sedatives such as promethazine, chlorpromazine; diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide, Zhenju Jiangya tablets, compound antihypertensive tablets, Changyao antihypertensive tablets, Kaifute (compound captopril), compound piperazine tablets, compound recipes Apocynum flakes;
Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, etc.; others such as aspirin, naproxen, amiodarone, retinoids, thiazides and benzocaine can often cause photoallergies.
Traditional Chinese medicines include Agrimony, Angelica, Forsythia, Qianhu, Sanjiuweitai, Psoralea, Purslane, Vetch and so on.
5
Wear a mask for sun protection
Can masks be used as sunscreen? The answer is no. Xiong Siying explained that because the mask does not have a sunscreen coating, UVA will penetrate the mask and make your face dark without warning. There are also some masks that can block UVB. If the outdoor time is short in areas where the ultraviolet rays are not too intense, masks can also be used as emergency sunscreens.
Know more about scientific sun protection D
- How to choose sunscreen? What other sunscreen must-haves?
Xiong Siying introduced that the higher the value of sunscreen, the better. Let's first take a look at these two labels: SPF → anti-UVB ability, PA → anti-UVA ability.
The higher the number after the SPF, the longer the sun protection. It should be emphasized here that SPF30 sunscreen is not twice as protective as SPF15 sunscreen, but the sun protection time is doubled. In fact, an SPF15 sunscreen can block 94% of UVB, and an SPF30 sunscreen can block 97% of UVB.
PA is usually represented by "+", the more "+", the stronger the protection. Generally, the higher the SPF of the product, the more sunscreen is added, and the greater the irritation to the skin. Therefore, if you usually go to work, it is recommended to choose products with SPF15 and PA+; if you are exercising outdoors, you should choose products with SPF25~SPF35 and PA++; if you are swimming at the beach, you need products with SPF35~SPF50 and PA+++. Use at least the size of a coin each time, and reapply according to the sweating situation.
In addition to applying sunscreen correctly, physical sunscreen should also be paid attention to in outdoor sunscreen. In fact, the sunscreen effect of the latter is more comprehensive than that of sunscreen. Hats, sunglasses, sunscreen shirts, masks, umbrellas (UV coating), etc. Good sun protection.
- What advice do dermatologists have for people who have special needs for sun exposure, such as the elderly and children?
Xiong Siying suggested that the elderly and children must look at the weather when they are in the sun in summer. The ultraviolet rays are strong in dog days. Try to choose the sun before nine o'clock and after four o'clock in the afternoon. If it is winter, it can be appropriately relaxed to before ten in the morning and after three in the afternoon.
In the weather where the sun is too strong, it is not recommended for the elderly and children to stay in the sun for too long. In fact, it is also possible to supplement vitamin D properly to help the synthesis of calcium and reduce the damage to the skin.
- To prevent skin cancer, in addition to sun protection, are there any other things to pay attention to in terms of living habits and diet?
Chen Quan suggested that, first of all, when a skin tumor appears or changes, you must seek medical treatment in time, and choose the treatment method carefully. It is not recommended to go to an informal medical beauty institution for laser treatment.
In addition, many skin cancer patients tend to have a relatively strong sebum secretion when they are young, and the scalp and face will produce more oil, and they are prone to acne. It is suggested that such people must pay attention to a light diet and reduce the intake of high-fat, high-fat, and high-sugar foods. These foods are also easy to accelerate skin aging.